The ear as a part of human body serves for communication between the people, warning of dangers, emotional pleasure trough song and music, etc. The acoustic is a part of the physics which deals with producing, propagation and receiving of the sound. The basic laws of the acoustics are set in 18-th and 19-th century. In the second half of the 19-th century the electroacoustic (EA) is born. In the electroacoustic, the sound is transformed into electrical signal which can be further used for processing, storing, and transmitting into space and time. The electroacoustic is applied in many domains like music, linguistics, architecture, construction, mechanical engineering, industry, medicine, agriculture, etc. The electrical signal which represent the sound is called audio signal. For successful audio processing the knowledge of the basic acoustic laws and laws of the physiological acoustic is necessary. The measurements in the acoustic are also very important and they are done exclusively with electronic instruments. The physical and physiological paths of the sound and its transformation into the electrical signal are shown on the block-diagram on Picture 1.
Picture 1: Acoustic and Electroacoustic paths of the sound
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